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Butis butis (Hamilton, 1822)

Duckbill sleeper
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Butis butis   AquaMaps   Data sources: GBIF OBIS
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Image of Butis butis (Duckbill sleeper)
Butis butis
Picture by Keith, P.


China country information

Common names: 嵴塘鱧, 嵴塘鳢
Occurrence: native
Salinity: brackish
Abundance: | Ref:
Importance: | Ref:
Aquaculture: | Ref:
Regulations: | Ref:
Uses: live export: yes;
Comments: Known from rivers mouths and brackish areas in Guangdong Province and from river drainages in Hainan Province (Ref. 33469). Known from Tangjia, Wanzai, of Zhuhai city; Zhanjiang city Xiashan of Zhuxi river system in Guangdong Province. Haikou city of Nandu river drainage; Qionghai county of Wanquan river drainage in Hainan Province(Ref.33469)
National Checklist:
Country Information: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/ch.html
National Fisheries Authority:
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Wu, H.-L., 1991
National Database:

Common names from other countries

Classification / Names Common names | Synonyms | Catalog of Fishes(genus, species) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

Teleostei (teleosts) > Gobiiformes (Gobies) > Butidae (Gudgeon gobies)
Etymology:   More on author: Hamilton.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecology

Marine; freshwater; brackish; demersal; pH range: 7.0 - 8.0; dH range: 9 - 19; amphidromous (Ref. 51243).   Tropical; 22°C - 28°C (Ref. 2060)

Distribution Countries | FAO areas | Ecosystems | Occurrences | Point map | Introductions | Faunafri

Indo-West Pacific: East Africa to Fiji (Ref. 6820).

Size / Weight / Age

Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 15.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 6802); max. published weight: 18.95 g (Ref. 124712)

Short description Morphology | Morphometrics

Dorsal spines (total): 7; Dorsal soft rays (total): 8; Anal spines: 1; Anal soft rays: 8 - 9. Dark longitudinal lines on body; caudal fin black with light margin dorsally; pectoral base with 1-2 black spots (Ref. 5493).

Biology     Glossary (e.g. epibenthic)

Inhabits brackish mangrove estuaries and lower reaches of freshwater streams, usually on mud bottoms (Ref. 44894). Usually found in lagoons and estuaries, particularly where there is vegetation (Ref. 6028, 79840). Occurs frequently in mangrove swamps (Ref. 2847, 79840). Occasionally ascends rivers (Ref. 6028). Feeds mainly on small fishes and crustaceans (Ref. 6028, 79840). Marketed fresh (Ref. 12693).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturity | Reproduction | Spawning | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae

Main reference Upload your references | References | Coordinator | Collaborators

Hoese, D.F., 1986. Eleotridae. p. 807-811. In M.M. Smith and P.C. Heemstra (eds.) Smiths' sea fishes. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. (Ref. 5493)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)

  Least Concern (LC) ; Date assessed: 29 June 2016

CITES (Ref. 128078)

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

  Harmless




Human uses

Fisheries: minor commercial
FAO(Publication : search) | FishSource |

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Internet sources

Aquatic Commons | BHL | Cloffa | Websites from users | Check FishWatcher | CISTI | Catalog of Fishes(genus, species) | DiscoverLife | ECOTOX | Faunafri | Fishtrace | GenBank(genome, nucleotide) | GloBI | GOBASE | | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | IGFA World Record | MitoFish | Otolith Atlas of Taiwan Fishes | PubMed | Reef Life Survey | Scirus | SeaLifeBase | Tree of Life | Wikipedia(Go, Search) | World Records Freshwater Fishing | Zoological Record

Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 115969): 24.7 - 29.1, mean 28.2 (based on 1196 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804):  PD50 = 0.5156   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00575 (0.00231 - 0.01432), b=3.07 (2.85 - 3.29), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref. 93245).
Trophic level (Ref. 69278):  4.0   ±0.66 se; based on food items.
Resilience (Ref. 120179):  High, minimum population doubling time less than 15 months (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153):  Low vulnerability (10 of 100).
Price category (Ref. 80766):   Unknown.