Main Ref. | Iles, T.D., 1971 |
Mode | dioecism |
Fertilization | in mouth |
Mating type | |
Spawning frequency | one clear seasonal peak per year |
Spawning aggregation | Ref. |
Batch spawner | Ref. |
Reproductive guild |
bearers external brooders |
Parental Care | |
Description of life cycle and mating behavior | Annual breeding season is brief. Females brood young or show development of the buccal brood pouch. |
Search for more references on reproduction | Scirus |